Let G be a graph of order n, a and b be integers with 1 £ a < b and b ³ 3, g(x) and f(x) be two integer-valued functions defined on V (G) such that a £ g(x) < f(x) £ b, for each x Î V (G) and f(V (G))-V (G) even. We prove that G has a connected (g, f)- factor if the minimum DEGREE d (G) satisfies d (G) ³ (b-1)n / a+b-1 and n ³ (a+b-1)2+1 /a.

A Control Chart can be designed based on heuristic, statistical, economic or economic statistical asSUMptions. When a control chart such as multivariate cumulative SUM (MCUSUM) control chart is employed to monitor a production process, three parameters should be determined; subgroup size, sampling frequency and the control limits. This paper provides an algorithm for economic-statistical designing the PPCUSUM control charts parameters based on simulation approach. Finally, example and sensivity analysis are presented.

For a coloring c of a graph G, the edge-di erence coloring SUM and edge-SUM coloring SUM with respect to the coloring c are respectively Σ c D(G) = Σ jc(a) 􀀀 c(b)j and Σ s S(G) = Σ (c(a) + c(b)), where the SUMmations are taken over all edges ab 2 E(G). The edge-di erence chromatic SUM, denoted by Σ D(G), and the edge-SUM chromatic SUM, denoted by Σ S(G), are respectively the minimum possible values of Σ c D(G) and Σ c S(G), where the minimums are taken over all proper coloring of c. In this work, we study the edge-di erence chromatic SUM and the edge-SUM chromatic SUM of graphs. In this regard, we present some necessary CONDITIONs for the existence of homomorphism between two graphs. Moreover, some upper and lower bounds for these parameters in terms of the fractional chromatic number are introduced as well.

Let G = (V; E) be a simple connected graph with n vertices, m edges and sequence of vertex DEGREEs d1  d2 


 dn > 0, di = d(vi), where vi 2 V. With i  j we denote adjacency of vertices vi and vj. The general SUM{connectivity index of graph is de ned as   (G) = P  (di + dj ) i j, where  is an arbitrary real number. In this paper we determine relations between   + (G) and   + 1(G), where  and  are arbitrary real numbers, and obtain new bounds for   (G). Also, by the appropriate choice of parameters  and  , we obtain a number of old/new inequalities for di erent vertex{DEGREE{based topological indices.

Act number 1082 of the civil law of Iran states: "From the onset of the marriage contract the wife becomes the owner of the dower SUM and can exert any dominance over it."In spite of the fact that more than 76 years have passed since the ratification of the above-mentioned act, it has not yet been institutionalized in our society to acknowledge the wife’s ownership dominance over her dower SUM. It has seldom happened that the wife, at the first step of claiming her legal ownership right, has not been faced with the harsh reaction on the part of her husband and the in-laws. It is due to this popular culture as well as some religious and legal injustices that when conflicts arise between the couples, most women forgive all or part of their dower SUM to their husbands so that the husband will consent to divorce the wife in return. With regard to the regrettable trend in the unreasonable increase in the amount of the dower SUM, the shakiness of moral and religious foundations among the youth, and the unreasonable increase in the country’s divorce statistics, forgiving the dower SUM on the part of the wife has become an important social reality, which necessitates the investigation of its legal dimensions, rules, and legal effects.

An experiment was designed to determine the lower thermal threshold, and DEGREE-days requirements of onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Developmental time of the insects, collected from cotton fields in Kashmar-Iran, was recorded at four different temperatures with 60-70% RH and a photoperiod of 16: 8 (L:D) h. The life cycle from egg to adult emergence lasted 27.1, 21.0, 15.3 and 11.3 days at 20, 23.5, 26 and 34°C, respectively. Shortest developmental time was observed at 34°C. Development time increased linearly with the decrease of temperature. The longest development time was observed in the larval stage about 41% of the total developmental time. Similarly, the developmental time percentages for egg, pupae and prepupae stages was 28, 18 and 13, respectively. The highest rate of development was observed in prepupae stage, was found to be the most temperature sensitive. The developmental times for egg, larvae, prepupae and pupae were 4.3, 5.6, 2.0 and 3.4 days, respectively at 26°C. Lower thermal threshold of the insect was 9.89°C, and DEGREE-days for one generation was 269.6.