In the vast domain of Persian poetry and literature, there have always been poets who had impact on others’ poetry. Some of them, in return, had been affected by their previous poets and had great influence on the poets after them. In this area, Ferdowsi, Attar, and Nezami had wonderful impact on the others. Among these, as we will show, Nezami who had been under the influence of Ferdowsi’s Haft Khwan; as it appears from his sporadic verses inside his works, he considered himself equal and sometimes in upper ranks than Ferdowsi.I’ve tried, in this essay, to show concretely how Hakeem Nezami was influenced from Ferdowsi and deal with the contents of Haft Khwan and Haft Peykar.

Steel industry presents one of the highest energy demand of all the industrial sector. Foundries have a really relevant role both in economical terms and as regards the energy demand. The cost of energy represents several percentage points of the overall costs of a foundry.The electricity demand is very high, particularly for the induction melting furnaces. A large amount of thermal energy is obtained both from natural gas combustion and from the coal needed for the process of formation of cast iron in CUPOLAS. Moreover, the plant services must be considered: one very energy consumer is compressed air production. Every factory is different from another so that the proposal of actions of energy savings or thermal recovers requires a detailed study of each plant considering the lay out and analysing the single processes with related energy needs and thermal levels. The co-operation of the University of Padua with the Centro Produttivita` Veneto allowed to plan a series of energy audits in some foundries located in Vicenza province. The experiences of the first facilities surveys and audits recommendations demonstrated both potential advantage of energy savings and the related difficulties, often due to the high investment costs.Anyhow the joint work of auditing between the university experts and the foundry technicians produced a better awareness on the critical points of the plant and a higher rationality level in the evaluation of investments for the renewable of the machinery. Here, the method of performing the energy audits is described together with the very first results in terms of proposals for energy savings evaluated technically and economically.

According to many researchers, the tomb of Rukn-i Alam, built by the Tughluqs, is the first among Indian mausoleums to start an architectural tradition which reached its glory in the Taj Mahal. Much research has been done on the impacts of Iranian architecture on Indian monuments especially the Taj Mahal, but further discussions is needed on the impacts of Iranian funerary architecture on early Indian tombs, as they constitute the model for later mausoleums. The tomb of Sufi Rukn-i Alam in Multan is among the earliest mausoleums in India built under the Taghluq dynasty, and features many aspects of Iranian architecture. The aim of this paper is to explore in it influences of Iranian funerary architecture. According to the results of the research, these influences can be summarized in the following four cases: 1. Plan geometry; 2. Usage of turrets and symbolic CUPOLAS encircling the dome; 3. Transition from the octagonal plan to the circular base of the dome; 4. Materials and geometric ornamental patterns. Also, the three most influential mausoleums from Iran can be named as the tomb of Amir Ismail Samani, the tomb-towers of Kharaghan, and the mausoleum of Uljaytu at Sultania. The descriptive-analytical approach was used in the research, and a deductive approach, in the comparative study.

The petroglyphs are of particular importance for the study of art history, archeology and anthropology, and are the most documented in the presentation of the concepts of social archaeology. These types of motifs are from the earliest historical and artistic works left by man, many examples of which are scattered in different parts of Iran. In the course of an archaeological survey in the spring and summer of 2016, several collections of petroglyph (carvings and CUPOLAS) were identified at intervals less than 20 kilometers from Boroujerd city. These works are located mainly in mountainous regions. These have a number of motifs and subjects, including human designs (archer, rider, and others), animal designs (Ibexes, deers, dogs, etc. ), geometric patterns, symbolic and cupoals). All of the studied motifs were carved on isolated rocks and located in open area and in different sizes, both individual and subject. Most of the detected motifs in Boroujerd have been created by the method of knocking, carving, or scratching on the surface of the boards. Due to the amount of weathering and their kind of creation, The designs of this complex seem to be related to different periods, and because of the lake of laboratory studies in Iran, they cannot be considered a definite date for these works. According to the studies, it can be said that the designs of this collection are quantitatively and qualitatively of the petroglyph of different regions of Iran, especially western Iran (Azandaran of Malayer, Args of Malayer, Darreh Divein and Darreh Dostali of Hamedan) and center of Iran (Timareh and) and even beyond the current boundaries of Iran can be compared. The authors of this paper first describe petroglyph of the study area and then analyze them. and center of Iran (Timareh and) and even beyond the current boundaries of Iran can be compared. The authors of this paper first describe petroglyph of the study area and then analyze them.