In this paper an uncertain multi objective closed-loop supply chain is developed. The first objective function is maximizing the total profit. The second objective function is minimizing the use of row materials. In the other word, the second objective function is maximizing the amount of remanufacturing and recycling. Genetic algorithm is used for optimization; and for finding the pareto optimal line, Epsilon-CONSTRAINT method is used. Finally a numerical example is solved with proposed approach and performance of the model is evaluated in different sizes. The results show that this approach is effective and useful for managerial decisions.

Introduction: Nurses have a special position in hospitals due to their specialized, valuable and stressful job. Gender inEQUALITY together with the concerns about health inequalities need attention. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate gender EQUALITY among nurses in Fars province of Iran and to provide solutions to improve gender EQUALITY. Methods: This quantitative-qualitative study was conducted in 2020. In the quantitative phase, the study population included all nurses employed in public and private hospitals of Fars province as well as all nursing students at Fars universities during 2011-2018. In the qualitative phase, 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted. Using SPSS version 23. 0, the quantitative data was analyzed by applying descriptive statistics and Chi-squared test. Qualitative data were analyzed with Max QDA by using the framework method. Results: The majority of hospital nurses (79. 81%) and nursing students (65. 86%) were female. There were statistically significant relationships between gender and hospital, the type of employment, university, and the type of degree (P=0. 00). In addition, 3 main themes including culture building, nursing education and employment as well as 17 sub-themes were identified to improve gender EQUALITY among nurses. Conclusion: Fars province faces challenges such as gender inEQUALITY among nurses and the shortage of male nurses. It is essential to invest in the development and implementation of strategies and executive solutions for raising and maintaining the prestige of nursing profession and training qualified nurses with a focus on creating healthcare job opportunities for men and women equally.

The notion of a positive implicative EQUALITY algebras are defined, and related properties are studied. Characterizations of a positive implicative EQUALITY algebra is investigated. Conditions for an EQUALITY algebra to be positive implicative are provided. EQUALITY algebra with some types is considered, and several properties are investigated. Using EQUALITY algebra with some types, we characterize a commutative EQUALITY algebra and a positive implicative algebra.

Constrain is the condition of driven by necessity. The principle of CONSTRAINT determines the duties of the person constrained. In jurisprudence, it includes a range of activities from cleanness to blood compensation. However, jurisprudents have discussed it mainly with regard to those that can be eaten and drunk, and presented three different interpretations: fear of losing one"s life; fear in general, including fear of losing one"s life, or one"s limb, etc.; and fear of things not related to oneself but to others. The roots of CONSTRAINT are compulsion, precautionary concealment, loss and necessity. The present article deals with a kind of CONSTRAINT whose source is necessiy. The Qur"an has explicitly excused the person constrained from duties provided that the oppressor shows no inclination to sin. Tradition says that "there is so unlawful act that God Almighty has not made it permissible under CONSTRAINT." The intellect also knows it permissible to give up necessary duties and to do the unlawful acts under CONSTRAINT. Finally, the writer presents the conditions under which the application of the principle of constrain is made permissible.

This article is an attempt to deal with gender EQUALITY, on a theoretical level, in the political domain. First the basic approaches towards gender EQUALITY in the political domain are presented for discussion. Following that, three approaches: gender EQUALITY, difference and inEQUALITY as three perspectives of EQUALITY-orientation, difference-orientation and inEQUALITY-orientation are selected. Then the political domain is divided into three parts: citizens’ rights, political participation and the tenure of political posts. Afterwards, the attitudes of 210 members of the University of Tehran’s students are recorded in a survey. For this purpose the statistical methods, one-variable analysis, variation analysis, co-efficiency and path analysis are used. The results of the research findings indicate the impact of external factors. For example an individual’s attitude towards gender EQUALITY is conditioned by the social adjustment of the individual in the family, his personal opinions, and his behavior. In general, most of the students have difference-oriented attitudes towards gender in the political domain and they are less in favor of gender inEQUALITY on gender EQUALITY. But men have a higher tendency towards gender inEQUALITY than women

The present paper addresses the concept of educational EQUALITY and its importance in police organization and while emphasizing on the role and importance of educational EQUALITY in police organization it will address the effect of the educational EQUALITY and the guidelines for achieving educational EQUALITY and also a comprehensive and systematic view in this domain. The educational EQUALITY has been addressed from two dimensions of EQUALITY and all-embracing in three domains of educational quality, educational structure, and material development according to the previous studies. The importance of educational EQUALITY has been taken into consideration from different aspects at each stage in police organization and by getting benefit of previous studies and experiences the practical guidelines related to educational EQUALITY achievement in police force students have been compiled and offered. These guidelines are related to educational quality, educational structure, and material development.

At the end of the 19th century, the first move of Feminism was made chiefly to gain the right to vote. At this stage, Liberal Feminism by stressing on the human nature of both or “united human essence” or superiority of women values called for EQUALITY in the role and status of men and women regardless of gender differences. The disposition in the second phase paid more attention to the various domains of family and developing theories in the humanities field. The third phase was affected more by postmodernism and capitalism as well as the fanatic disposition of the second phase. These three attitudes didn’t have room for gender justice and with their multiplicity any foundation for justice was not attainable. In this paper, Feminism is scrutinized and criticized and in doing so Islamic views on the matter were presented revealing the aspects of gender EQUALITY in Islam and the fact that Islam takes into consideration gender differences but prohibits gender discrimination.

We introduce a new formal logic, called EQUALITY propositional logic. It has two basic connectives, ^ (conjunction) and ≡ (equivalence). Moreover, the ⇒ (implication) connective can be derived as A ⇒ B: = (A ^ B) ≡ A. We formulate the EQUALITY propositional logic and demonstrate that the resulting logic has reasonable properties such as Modus Ponens(MP) rule, Hypothetical Syllogism(HS) rule and completeness, etc. Especially, we provide two ways to prove the completeness of this logic system. We also introduce two extensions of EQUALITY propositional logic. The first one is involutive EQUALITY propositional logic, which is EQUALITY propositional logic with double negation. The second one adds prelinearity which is rich enough to enjoy the strong completeness property. Finally, we introduce additional connective Δ (delta) in EQUALITY propositional logic and demonstrate that the resulting logic holds soundness and completeness.