Usage of spatial information in the DOA estimation of signals, overcome some weaknesses of time-processing techniques. In this paper, following the Direct Data Domain Least Square (D3LS) technique, amplitude information of signals arrived at each element in an antenna array are arranged in a square matrix in which, except for the first row, other entries are combinations of reflective signals, noise and interference. By forming an equation including this matrix, weighting factors of antenna array, and antenna gain, coefficients are calculated in such a way that all signals which their DOA is not important, i.e. reflected signals, noise and etc., reach their least quantity. Then, by making a symmetric square matrix and modification of the main equation according to Linear CONJUGATE Gradient procedure, weighting factors of antenna are obtained. Finally, it is shown by simulation that this procedure will accelerate the convergence process remarkably compared with D3LS technique.

We derive whole series of new integral inequalities of the Hardy-type, with non-CONJUGATE exponents. First, we prove and discuss two equivalent general inequalities of such type, as well as their corresponding reverse inequalities. General results are then applied to special Hardy-type kernel and power weights. Also, some estimates of weight functions and constant factors are obtained.In particular, we obtain generalizations and improvements of some recent results, in the literature.

The aim of the present numerical study to analyze the CONJUGATE natural convection heat transfer in a rotating enclosure with finite wall thickness. The enclosure executes a steady counterclockwise an-gular velocity about its longitudinal axis. The staggered grid arrangement together with the Marker and Cell (MAC) method was employed to solve the governing equations…

In this paper, an efficient CONJUGATE gradient method for unconstrained optimization is introduced. Parameters of the method are obtained by solving an optimization problem, and using a variant of the modified secant condition. The new CONJUGATE gradient parameter benefits from function information as well as gradient information in each iteration. The proposed method has global convergence under mild assumptions. Using a collection of CUTEr problems, the method is compared with some existing algorithms to show its effectiveness.

Peltier technology opens new opportunities for special applications. In the current project, this technology was applied to design and fabricate a portable thermoelectric beverage cooler and thermoelectric cup. The simulation and results of the experiment showed that the common beverage cooler is not a suitable design for ignoring the effect of natural convection in cooling. In our thermoelectric cup, the drawbacks of previous design were eliminated. The advantages of the present design over the former design are the heat sink's temperature reduction from 60oC to about 31oC, and the cooling process enhancement, such that the water was cooled down to about 7oC.

Introduction: Manufacturing new Hepatitis B virus vaccines, specifically by the use of nanoparticles, is of high global interest. In this paper, a new structure of nano-sized hepatitis B virus’ surface antigen (HBsAg) was generated by conjugation with dendrimers. Methods: The physicochemical properties of the CONJUGATE were characterized by zeta potential and size distribution analyses and FT-IR spectrometry. Results: The results confirmed the conjugation between HBsAg and the dendrimers. Immunological assays indicated that the immunogenicity of the CONJUGATEd HBsAg is more than HBsAg alone.Conclusion: In the current study, a cost-effective, biodegradable and biocompatible polymer was used to enhance the immunogenicity of HBsAg. Also, further investigations are required to explore the mechanisms of action of this nanocomplex vaccine candidate.

Decision Neural Network is a new approach for solving multi-objective decision-making problems based on artificial neural networks. Using inaccurate evaluation data, network training has improved and the number of educational data sets has decreased. The available training method is based on the gradient decent method (BP). One of its limitations is related to its convergence speed. Therefore, decision makers can simply guess the necessary data. In this paper, for increasing the Decision Neural Network training efficiency, a CONJUGATE gradient based method has developed for network training. The key point in decision neural network training is to keep the same structures and parameters of the two sub network (multilayer perceptron) through training process. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated by estimating linear and nonlinear utility function of multi-objective decision problems. The results of the proposed method are compared with previous existing method and show that in the proposed method, convergence is faster than previous methods and the results are more favorable.

Dear Editor-in-chief, World Health Organization has recommended all countries to introduction of Pneumococcal CONJUGATE Vaccine (PCV) in routine immunization schedule, especially those countries with higher rate of mortality in children. However, Islamic Republic of Iran and more than 50 other countries including Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Belarus, Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei Darussalam, Cabo Verde, Chad, China, Comoros, Cook Islands, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Dominica, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Gabon, Grenada, Guinea, Haiti, India, Jamaica, Jordan, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Montenegro, Nauru, Poland, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Serbia, Seychelles, Slovenia, Somalia, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Thailand, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine, Vanuatu, and Viet Nam have not introduced PCV till April 2016. World Health Organization indicated that after PCV introduction, both targeted and non-targeted vaccination population were affected by direct and indirect effects of PCV immunization (1). Epidemiological profile of Streptococcus pneumonia related diseases include meningitis, pneumonia, sepsis and the prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage will be changed following PCV integration into targeted vaccine countries (2). Published literature reviews (3-6) revealed that transmission and prevalence of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumonia will be decreased because of direct and indirect effects of PCV. Moreover, PCV targeted countries may have experience only change in the prevalence of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization for vaccine-covered serotypes (7). In conclusion, policy makers and public health authorities of non-targeted PCV vaccine countries are highly recommended to consider serotype distribution and replacement before and after vaccine introduction regarding the sustained administration of PCV.

In this paper, the CONJUGATE gradient (CG) method is employed for identifying the parameters of crack in a functionally graded beam from natural frequency measurement. The crack is modeled as a massless rotational spring with sectional flexibility. Using the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory on two separate beams and applying the compatibility requirements of the crack, the characteristic equation can be obtained as a function of natural frequency and location and depth of crack. In direct problem, the natural frequency is computed using analytical analysis. Moreover, the location and depth of crack are determined by measuring the three natural frequencies of beam in inverse problem. In this study, the CG method is utilized in inverse problem to determine the location and depth of crack. The obtained results show the efficiency of CG algorithm in terms of accuracy and the convergence speed.