Objectives- The aim of this study was a prospective evaluation to determine the ‎relative risks and complications of pediatric diagnostic and interventional ‎CATHETERIZATIONs‏.‏‎‎ Background- The role of the pediatric CATHETERIZATION laboratory has evolved in the ‎last decade as a therapeutic modality, although remaining an important tool for ‎anatomic and hemodynamic diagnosis‏.‏‎ ‎ Methods- A study of 480 consecutive pediatric CATHETERIZATION procedures was ‎undertaken prospectively during 6 months, from October 2001 to March 2002‎‏.‏ Results- Patient ages ranged from 4 days to 17 years (mean 4.5 years). Forty six ‎complications occurred (9.58% of all cases) and were classified as major ‎complications in 6 patients, (1.25% of all cases) and minor complications in 40 ‎patients. (8.33% of all cases)Arrhythmia (n=15) and vascular complications (n=10) ‎were the most common adverse events respectively. Death occurred in 2 patients ‎‎(0.41‎‏ ‏‎%).‎ ‎‎ Conclusions- The results are acceptable at our center, but efforts should be directed to ‎improving equipment for flexibility and size and improving techniques for decreasing ‎the mortality and morbidity rates (Iranian Heart Journal 2002, 2003; 3(4)&4(1): 29-‎‎33).‎

Background: Central venous CATHETERIZATION (CVC) insertion is a prevalent invasive procedure performed in critical care patients. Although this procedure is considered to provide better patient comfort and a lower infection risk compared to other methods, it has a higher risk of complications, such as pneumothorax, arterial puncture, nerve injury, and bleeding. Ultrasonography (USG)-guided subclavian CATHETERIZATION has recently become a popular technique. This study retrospectively analyzed 50 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) who underwent infraclavicular subclavian CATHETERIZATION with the out-of-plane technique under USG guidance. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of subclavian CATHETERIZATION applied with the out-of-plane technique in the ICU. Methods: This retrospective study included 50 patients who underwent subclavian CVC insertion via the out-of-plane technique under USG guidance in the ICU between March and December 2020. Age, gender, height, weight, body mass index, admission to the ICU, use of anticoagulant and/or anti-aggregant medicine, and coagulation parameters were recorded for each patient. The success of the procedure, the number of attempts, and the duration of the procedure were scanned retrospectively from the records. Malposition and complications were monitored using USG throughout the procedure and chest radiographs after the procedure. Results: The 50 patients comprised 27 (54%) men and 23 (46%) women, with a mean age of 72. 8±, 11. 8 years. In all patients, subclavian CVC insertion was successfully performed under USG guidance via the out-of-plane technique. The mean procedural time was 220. 90±, 60. 20 sec. The procedure was completed in a single session for 27 (54%), two sessions for 22 (44%), and three sessions for 1 (2%) patient. Only one complication (pneumothorax) developed in one patient, who underwent tube thoracostomy. No catheter malposition was observed in other patients. Conclusion: USG-guided subclavian CATHETERIZATION is a safe technique to be performed by experienced practitioners.

Central vein CATHETERIZATION is a routine and relatively safe procedure in critically ill patients. Complications with this procedure depend to the site of CATHETERIZATION and the skill of the operator. In addition to the common complications with femoral vein CATHETERIZATION there are some rare usually preventable side effects related to guide wire and catheter. In our patient who underwent femoral CATHETERIZATION for acute hemodialysis, we report migration of guide wire through the systemic circulation from the femoral vein to the jugular vein. This is a very rare complication that is a human error and is totally preventable by doing the procedure by a skilled doctor and considering the standards described for central vein catheter insertion.

Background: Peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) is a reliable and safe method of central venous CATHETERIZATION. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the operation techniques of PICC CATHETERIZATION in special positions. Methods: From January 2015 to August 2020, 52 cases in special positions were successfully catheterized and divided into four types. The characteristics of body positions, the principle of position placement and sterile sheet laying, the position of the operator, the evaluation before the CATHETERIZATION, the preparation of related equipment for the CATHETERIZATION, and the technical points of the CATHETERIZATION operation were analyzed among these four types. Results: By adopting different techniques (patient position placement, disinfection, sterile sheet laying, operator location, and operation key points) according to different patient positions, PICC catheters were successfully inserted in 52 patients. Conclusion: When PICC CATHETERIZATION objects cannot be placed in conventional positions, an individualized analysis should be carried out. According to the characteristics of their positions, special evaluation, position placement, disinfection and draping, and the preparation of special equipment to assist individualized CATHETERIZATION operations should be carried out.