In order to evaluate the effect of hydropriming on germination characteristics and changes of CATALASE enzyme of Panicum Miliaceum seeds under accelerated aging, an experiment was carried out in factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was hydropriming and control, and the second factor consisted of four levels of aging (0, 2, 4 and 6 days of aging at 41oC). The results showed that the priming by aging interaction on germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage, vigor index, abnormal seedling percentage and mean time to germination was significant, but on seedling length and CATALASE activity was not significant. Results showed that the highest germination characteristics were attained at priming under non aged conditions. Also, seed priming increased enzyme activity compared to non-primed seeds under aged and non-aged conditions.

Background and Objectives: Active oxygen species (ROS) are direct or indirect causes of cell damage. Continuously active heart muscle as an oxidative tissue is one of the tissues susceptible to oxidative damage. Malondialdehyde is one of the lipid peroxidation products, which is considered in the studies as an indicator of oxidative damage level. Crocin is also a carotenoid extracted from Saffron, which can affect the damage level with its antioxidant properties. In this study, the effect of crocin supplementation on the alteration of Malondialdehyde and CATALASE cardiomyocyte, was investigated in male rats poisoned with hydrogen peroxide. Methods: In this study, 32 male Wistar rats (mean weight, 180± 20g) were randomly divided into four groups including: control, sham (saline injections), hydrogen peroxide, and Crocin and Hydrogen peroxide. For induction of oxidative stress in the H2O2 groups, 1mmol/kg H2O2, was injected to the rats intraperitoneally every other days for 3 weeks, and in the supplement group, the rats intraperitoneally received 12. 5mg/kg of crocin, every days. The alteration of MDA and CAT, was performed by ELISA technique. Data analysis was performed using one way ANOVA and Scheffe test. Results: In this study, induction of H2O2 caused a significant increase in malondialdehyde and a significant decrease in the activity of CATALASE enzyme, and crocin consumption led to a significant reduction in malondialdehyde and significant increase in the activity of CATALASE enzyme in the heart tissue (p<0. 01). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that supplementation with crocin leads to strengthening of antioxidant system and reduction of oxidative stress damages.

Introduction: The neurological damage caused by s troke is a leading cause of severe longterm disability. The production of ideal drugs in the treatment of s troke is s till a major problem. The aim of the present s tudy was to inves tigate some protective effects of cherry extract agains t oxidative s tress and edema volume caused by s troke. Materials and Methods: In this experimental s tudy, male Wis tar rats were used; including 2 control groups of saline, 2 sham groups, 2 non-treated s troke groups, and s troke groups received cherry extract at doses of 175, 200, and 225 mg/kg/day. After 30 days of oral gavage of the extract, the animals were exposed to middle cerebral artery occlusion for one hour. After 24 hours of reperfusion, the malondialdehyde level, CATALASE activity, and edema volume of the cortex and the sub-cortical tissue were inves tigated. Results: Cherry extract at doses of 175 and 200 mg/kg significantly decreased the level of malondialdehyde and edema volume in the cortex and subcortex. This extract at a dose of 225 mg/kg significantly reduced the level of malondialdehyde in the cortex and sub-cortical tissue and significantly decreased the volume of edema in the cortex. Besides, cherry extract at 175 mg/kg increased CATALASE activity in both cortical and subcortical regions. Conclusion: The s tudy showed that oral adminis tration of the cherry extract exerts neuroprotective effects agains t oxidative s tress and the edema formation resulted from middle cerebral artery occlusion s troke model in a dose-dependent manner.

Some plants have the ability in absorbing adequate amounts of some toxic and heavy metals. Although heavy metals contribute in the occurrence of oxidative stress in plant species, the plants possess various defensive mechanisms against the toxicity of such elements. One of these mechanisms is the activation of antioxidant enzymes in order to protect against oxidative injuries resulting from heavy metals. The aim of the present study was to understand the enzymatic changes of CATALASE and Glutathione peroxidase in Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) under lead and copper toxicity. In addition, the measurement of the ability in accumulating lead and copper and the effects of these elements on protein and the plant cell nucleus was another purpose of the present study. The experiment was carried out in factorial form as randomized complete design in agricultural and natural resources faculty, Karaj, in 2009. Four levels of lead (Pb (NO)3)2 (0, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) and four levels of copper (Cu (SO4) 2) (0, 150, 300, 450 mg/kg) were used. The results suggested the significant increase in lead and copper accumulation under different levels of the same elements (p<0.01), besides the measurement of Dityrosine and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine contents, which increase during the peroxidation of protein and the plant cell nucleus respectively, was significant (p<0.01).The maximum toxic effects of the elements were observed at concentrations 800 and 450 mg lead and copper. The significant increase in both enzymes CATALASE and Glutathione peroxidase was in response to the toxicity of the elements along with the increase in the different levels of lead and copper (p<0.01) so the remarkable increase in the activity of the two mentioned enzymes was observed at the maximum concentrations of soil lead (800 mg/kg) and copper (450 mg/kg).

The present research has been carried out to identify polymorphism at five blood plasma and erythrocyte proteins in Arab and Caspian minature horse population. Gene frequencies were analyzed at five loci controlling blood proteins; alkaline phosphatase (Alp), CATALASE (Cat), cell esterase (CEs), hemoglubin (Hb) and pretransferrin (Ptf). In addition, heterozygosity and effective allele numbers within each population have also been determined. Plasma and erythrocyte were electrophoresed for the mentioned proteins, using starch and polyacrylamid gels. Among of five examined loci, only Cat locus showed polymorphism that phenotypes were FF, FS and SS. Allele frequency difference F and S for two populations was too slight. Alp, CEs, Hb and Ptf were fixed at A, 1, 1 and F alleles, respectively. The average heterozygosity and effective allele numbers were calculated 0.1003, 1.1998 and 0.0973, 1.1874 in Caspian minature and Arab populations, respectively. From these data it was concluded that the examined Arab horses are not cross- bred of Iranian Arab and exotic race horse such as Arab, Anglo- Arab and Thoroughbred.

Background and Objective: Different physical activities affect on anti-oxidative system. Varity, period and intensity of activities are necessary in health improvement. This study was carried out to determine the effect of medium period of progressive anaerobic training on serum level of superoxide dismutase and CATALASE in female rats.Methods: In this experimental study, 30 female rats were randomly allocated into control and anaerobic training groups. The training program lasted for 8 weeks with control (without activity) and anaerobic including 3 sessions in a week with speed of 24-30 meters per minute in slope range (5<slope>15) for 30 seconds.Results: Serum level of superoxide dismutase was significantly increased in progressive anaerobic training group (109.1±17.3 U/ml) in compare to controls (98.8±12.8 U/ml) (P<0.05). Serum level of CATALASE was 51.2±7.2 and 48.4±4.2 U/ml in control and progressive anaerobic training, respectively. This difference was not significant. Conclusion: The medium period of progressive anaerobic training influences serum level of superoxide dismutase and CATALASE in female rats.

Background and Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurological disease that increases oxidative stress and causes immune system disorders. Curcumin is the active component of turmeric with anti-inflammatory properties. This study was conducted to determine the effects of curcumin on cortisol, CATALASE, and nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in an animal model of MS. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 30 female Wistar rats. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was chosen as an experimental model of MS. The rats were divided into 3 groups of 10, including a healthy control group, an affected group, and a group treated with curcumin. The disease was induced by immunization of rats with homogenized guinea pig spinal cord and Freund's complete adjuvant. Then, the immunized animals were allocated into two equal groups. Treatment with curcumin (100 mg/kg daily) was started 12 days after the immunization when the rats showed the first symptoms of neurologic disability. The treatment was continued until day 24 post-immunization. Simultaneously, the EAE group received the medicine solvent (distilled water). Finally, the rats' weights as well as cortisol, CATALASE, and NGF levels were measured in the study groups. Results: Curcumin significantly increased the level of cortisol to a level equal to that of healthy rats (P<0. 05). It also significantly increased the expression of NGF and reduced the amount of CATALASE in the affected rats (P<0. 05). The curcumin administration significantly increased the overall weight of rats with MS but had no significant effect on the spleen weight of the treated rats. Conclusion: Curcumin can be beneficial for treating EAE by reducing the destructive effects of oxidative damage and increasing NGF.