Recognition of animal taxa such as rodents is one of the essential terms for each fundamental and applied study. So in this study, rodents’ diversity of Shiraz (central part) and especially Bamoo National Park was studied. Sampling was performed during one year by use of live and snap traps from different places which have variable soil kinds, plant covering and other geomorphological characters. Results reveal that seven species exist in this area: Mus musculus, Tatera indica, Meriones persicus, Meriones libycus, Rattus rattus, Microtus irani, Hystrix indica. These samples were recognized based on morphological and karyological studies and their dental and skull characters. Microtus irani and Meriones persicus and also Tatera indica and Meriones libycus were sympatric. Based on this study Microtus irani as a species which so far is recognized only from its type locality (Shiraz) was studied and its existence based on statistical studies is confirmed. In addition to house mouse that has a cosmopolitan distribution, Meriones persicus has a wide distribution in Bamoo National Park. This may because of its suitable adaptation with ecological situation. Ectoparasites of rodents were collected from rodents’ body and were recognized which are as follows: Cetenocephaledes canis(on Meriones libycus and Tatera indica and Microtus irani), Ornithnyssus bacoti (on Meriones libycus and Tatera indica) and Poly pylax (on Tatera indica).

In order to clarify the taxonomic state of some Iranian Papaver species, cluster and PCA analysis of data sets resulted from macro- and micromorphological study of 14 species belonging to the genus Papaver in Iran were performed. Macromorphological characters of all species included in the study were examined. Pollen grains and seeds belonging to the species were scanned using SEM microscopy. High correlation among the results obtained from analyses of 38 morphological, 11 palynological and 6 seed characters was observed especially at lower levels. Based on our results, P. gaubae is reduced as a variety named P. glaucum var. gaubae and the name P. piptostigma is regarded as a synonym of the older P. macrostomum. In addition, our results do not confirm opinions indicating synonymy of P. fugax with the older name P. armeniacum. Also, P. halophilum is regarded as a variety of P. macrostomum.

This study dealt with banding patterns of seed storage proteins using sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with extract of bulked seeds of Phalaris L. species of Iran. The results showed that two varieties of P. paradoxa L. as var.praemorsa and var. paradoxa L. were closely related. A close relationship and high protein similarity (J=0.583) were found between P. arundinacea L. and P. brachystachys Link. Electrophoretic results were compared with previous anatomical and morphological studies.

Fumaria (Papaveraceae) comprises 8 annual species with medicinal and weed importance in Iran. Numerical study of 40 accessions of 6 species of this genus in Iran was studied by using 38 qualitative and quantitative morphological features. Banding patterns of seed storage proteins using sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with extract of bulked seeds of some Fumaria species of Iran as: F. parviflora, F. vaillantii, F. asepala & F. indica has been studied. The results showed that despite morphological observations the two very similar and sympatric species, F. parviflora and F. vaillantii, are not closely related due to their SDS profiles. F. vaillantii showed more similarity in seed storage proteins to F. asepala and F. indica. The intermediate position for F. indica is in concordant with its proposed progenitor as: F. asepala and F. parviflora. Electophoretic results are compared with morphological studies.

Crataegus L. belongs to Rosaceae family. During the review on the different species of this genus is cleared the C. ambigua is mentioned in Flora Iranica and Flora of Iran as synonymous of C.meyeri while monograph of this genus is reported this species for Iran, and so C. atrosanguinea and C.aminii is mentioned in Flora of Iran. C.aminii is very similar to C. atrosanguinea. Monogragh announced C. atrosanguine is synonymous with C.ambigua ssp. ambigua and is not reported C. amini for Iran. In this survey due to contraction and taxonomy clarify of these four species using morphology and micromorphology characters had been done. Results showed C. aminii is the same of C. atrosanguinea and the other hand C.atrosanguinea is synonymous with C. ambigua ssp. ambigua. In the end two species of C. meyeri and C. ambigua according Chriastensen are distinc.

Anuran amphibian are known vertebrate. They have been studied systematically in Iran, recently. In order to study BIOSYSTEMATICs of anura in the Markazy Province and compare with Khorasan Province, 122 specimens were collected from six stations (Arak, Ghadamgah, Shazand,Farmahin, Delijan, Khomein) at spring and summer (2004- 2005). Samples were transfered alive to the zoology lab, identified and were fixed after karyologic studies. Identification based upon karyology and morphologic characters showed that anuran samples belong to marsh frog, Rana ridibunda and green toad, Bufo viridis with a set of 26 (2n=26) and 22 (2n=22) chromosomes, respectively. The phonetic studies between populations of two species, 14 characters in frog and 17 characters in toad were measured. T-test analysis between sexes were significant in 12 characters for frogs and only one character for toads (P<0.001). One way ANOVA between populations for each species were significant in 13 characters for frogs and 6 characters for toads (P<0.001). Difference between multivariate mean vectors confirmed in T2Hotelling for populations and sexes of marsh frog (P<0.001). Length of foot and femur were discriminated distinct sexes based on discrimination analysis with 89 % correct grouping for frogs and space between pellicle with 92% correct grouping for toads. Discrimination analysis between populations discriminated groups based on two functions with 78%correct grouping in frogs and 88% correct grouping in toads. Cluster analysis based on centroids grouped populations resulted from geographical, ecological and genetical conditions.

This survey is part of identification and determination of cIupeidae (Genus Alosa), in southern Caspian Sea, Mazandaran and Golestan Province coastal waters during 1997-99. In this study, total of 336 fish samples were studied.The results showed that 4 species of cIupeidae, belong to: Alosa brashnikowii (Borodin, 1904), A. caspia (Eichwald, 1983), A. saposchnikowii (Grimm, 1887) and A. kessieri (Grimm, 1887). For species identification two morphometric and morphomerestic factors were used.One of the important factors of morphometric is gill rakers and, A. braschnikowii had 20-40 with average of 30.93±6.11,A. caspia had 110-125 with average of 118.3±5.23,A . kessleri had 60-73 with average of 66.82±3.31and A. saposchnikowii had 20-48 with of average of 32.83±4.93percent gill rakers.Another important morphometric factors are percent ratio of eye diameter to total length. A. braschnikowii had 2.9-5.82 and average of 4.72±0.53percent, A. caspia had 5.73-7.46 and average of 6.21±0.52,A. saposchnikowii had 6-9.33 and average of 7.3±1.8 percent and finally, A. kessleri had 4.27 -6.48 and average of5.46±0.71percent.

Alyssum minus(L.) Rothm. var. minus is recorded for the first time from Iran. Alyssum minus (L.) Rothm. var. mazandaranicumPakravan & Bolourian is described as a new taxon from the North and West of Iran. The four varieties ofAlyssum minus in Iran (A. minus (L.) Rothm. var. minus, -var. strigosum (Banks & Sol.) Zohary, -var. micranthum(C.A.Mey.) Dudley and -var. mazandaranicum Pakravan & Bolourian) based on their morphological, palynological and anatomical characters were studied and compared withA. desertorum Stapf and A. szowitsianum Fisch. & Mey., from the same section. Although a great similarity observed in morphological characters and many intermediate specimens especially between the varieties of A. minus var minus and -var. micranthum (C.A.Mey.) Dudley was found, due to anatomical differentiation in sclerenchymatous cells and palynological differences in pollen size and shape, the varieties ofAlyssum minus (L.) Rothm. were distinguishable.

The matrix of qualitative and quantitative data compiled from comparative measures of 14 dental and skull morphology and 17 dentally variable morphometric characters taken from samples of 18 populations of house mouse, Mus musculus, which were previously determined genetically, distributed over Eurasian and north African habitats of the species are used for uni-and-multivariate analysis, aiming to clarify and settle the status of taxonomy, and hence, BIOSYSTEMATIC and phylogography of these populations. The genetic attributes, already worked on, are used simultaneously to check against, match, compare and analyze with those of morphology and morphometry. Efforts have been made to approach the geographic inter- and- intraspecies and population variations of house mouse, focusing on subspecies status or category.