Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (ASCITES) is a metabolic disorder in fast-growing broilers. Inconsistency of oxygen requirement and the cardiovascular ability make the birds susceptible to ASCITES. Incidence of ASCITES was accompanied by right ventricular hypertrophy, fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity and finally mortality. The objective of the current study was to review the genetic basis of ASCITES syndrome and investigation of indicator traits of ASCITES syndrome to use in selection indices for reducing ASCITES susceptibility in broilers. Developing a breeding objective to increase body weight and to reduce ASCITES susceptibility in broilers is of ongoing interest, because the ASCITES syndrome is still a major challenge for poultry breeders. The blood gas parameters, which measured early in life, make it possible to design alternative selection schemes to reach birds resistance to ASCITES. In this way, ASCITES susceptibility can be effectively reduced but it might be comes at a cost, including a reduction in selection response for growth rate, due to genetic correlations. Based on the best combination of traits considered, reduction in gain for growth rate might be decreased, although with limited efficiency. Also, marker-assisted selection can be used effectively to reduce ASCITES susceptibility with respect to benefit-costs analysis.

Background: Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is an autosomal-dominant hereditary disorder. This syndrome is characterized by tumor-like malformations in several organs, as well as the heart. This report summarizes a case of TSC in a premature infant, born at 34 weeks’ gestation with ASCITES. After birth, multiple cardiac mass, subependymal cysts and hypopigmented macules were detected. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of early onset of TSC with chylous ASCITES in Iran.

Background: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection constitutes an important health problem in developing countries. It is usually a benign self-limiting disease, but may present with atypical clinical findings.Case Presentation: A twelve-year-old male with ASCITES, pleural effusion, and acalculous cholecystitis during the course of HAV infection is reported. He was managed conservatively and clinical improvement was observed with resolution of HAV infection.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first case in which all these three rare complications were observed in a single patient in the early period of disease.

Hypereosinophilic syndromes were a group of divergent disorders united by overproduction of eosinophils and the several organ damages ascribed to this persistent eosinophilia. Among all the presenting symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms were the least common. We were reporting a 21 year old man with a 2 year history of refractory ASCITES, hepatomegaly, portal and hepatic veins thrombosis and cutaneous lesions. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy revealed granulocytic hyperplasia with marked eosinophilia. After ruling out common causes of eosinophilia, a diagnosis of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome was made. The patient was treated with corticosteroids and imatinib but due to the advanced progression of the disease, resulted in a fatal outcome. Since early diagnosis and treatment is the key for improving the prognosis of HES patients, a high clinical suspicion is necessary in the diagnosis of this condition.

Peritoneal granulomatous reaction to foreign body-like materials of a dermoid cyst is a rare condition and has always been challenging in diagnosis for physicians. Macroscopic view of granulomatous peritoneum, which mimics peritoneal carcinomatosis or peritoneal seeding originating from ovarian carcinoma, necessitates a detailed microscopic evaluation of peritoneum, which shows multinucleated giant cells and granuloma formation indicating a foreign body reaction in the peritoneum. To avoid unnecessary radical surgeries and salvage chemotherapies in these patients, a detailed microscopic evaluation of their peritoneum is necessary. The present study introduces a 23-year-old woman with new-onset ASCITES and an elevation of CA125 level suspicious of ovarian carcinoma but with a peritoneal microscopic finding pathognomonic of foreign body reaction.

Endometriosis is a common condition that occurs in 6-10% of all reproductive age women. This number increases to approximately 40% in women with infertility and nearly 75% in women with complaints of chronic pelvic pain. Endometriosis is characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. The most common complaints associated with endometriosis are dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain; however, patients often present with a variety of symptoms and on occasion are asymptomatic. When presenting with haemorrhagic ASCITES, endometriosis mimics ovarian malignancy. Conservative medical treatment is a feasible management option, especially in young patients who desire to preserve fertility. This article aims to present an extremely rare presentation of endometriosis, haemorrhagic ASCITES, and a review of the associated literature.