Free roaming dogs are increasing in numbers. They live in unhygienic conditions and are not vaccinated mostly. They create several problems in the community, particularly health threats to human. Dog biting is a commonly reported case in some hospitals in Bangladesh. Rabies is one of the killers of people in Bangladesh and transmission occurs mostly due the dog biting. Death commonly occurs in children due to rabies. Rabies death is completely preventable by vaccinating dogs at national level. Many steps have already been taken. Source identification of dogs, animal birth control program and proper surveillance are necessary. Sustainable implementation of programs to manage dog population, dog bite management and awareness raising among population can bring out fruitful result in this situation. Inhumane killing of dogs to reduce the number can never be a permanent solution. Vaccinating dogs is the most effective strategy suggested by experts. Therefore, it is not too late to implement action plans with regular monitoring and evaluation for the sake of human and animal health.

Violence is a great challenge threatening the world peace. It includes a wide range of behaviors like; fight, war and genocide. There are different definitions of violence. Therefore, providing a suitable definition is necessary. In literature, according to the cultural and social text, there are different definitions for violence. The definitions are pro-vided based on the goal of research and text. The best definition is provided by WHO: "It covers a wide range of acts, going beyond physical acts to include threats and intimidation. It also includes the myriad and often less obvious consequences of violent behavior, such as physical harm, deprivation and mal development that compromise the well-being of individuals, families and communities."

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to be associated with many types of cancers disproportionately affecting women. The most common of these is cervical cancer. However anal, vulvar, vaginal, penile, and oropharyngeal cancers have also been linked to this virus. It is estimated that 527 624 women receive a cervical cancer diagnosis annually and 265 653 die from the disease making it the third most common cancer among women globally (1). Anal cancer, while not as prevalent as cervical cancer, is on the rise with approximately 27 000 new cases identified worldwide each year. Women are at higher risk than men for anal cancer, especially those with cervical or vulvar cancers and those who are immunocompromised. Other conditions such as recurrent juvenile respiratory papillomatosis and genital warts are often attributed to HPV types 6 and 11.