Background: Laboratory studies have revealed that intense exercise is associated with increased production of free radicals, and weakened capacity of antioxidant. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of short-term whey protein supplementation on some oxidant and antioxidant indices following an intense exercise session among nonathletic men. Methods: In this double blind randomized clinical trial study, 24 nonathlete male students (21. 9 ± 1. 19 kg of weight) without any chronic and metabolic diseases were randomly allocated into two groups: males who received whey protein supplement (0. 4 g / kg body weight for 3 consecutive days), and those who received placebo. Blood samples were collected before, immediately, 24, 48, and 72 hours after an intense resistance exercise session, and were analyzed for glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The repeated measure ANOVA was used to compare GPx and LDH between these two groups. Results: Significant differences were observed in the GPx change pattern between the two groups. On the other hand, at each stage of the sampling, there was a significant increase in the amount of GPx compared to placebo group (1. 164 ± 0. 166 vs 0. 924 ± 0. 054 for 24 recovery; 1. 111 ± 0. 104 vs 0. 896 ± 0. 105 for 48 hours recovery; 1. 036 ± 0. 131 vs 0. 873 ± 0. 083 for 72 hours recovery) (Pvalue < 0. 05). However, no significant difference was observed in the LDH change pattern between the two groups (Pvalue = 0. 99). Conclusions: Whey protein supplementation is associated with the improvement of GPx activity after an intense resistance exercise among non-athletic young men.

Background & Objective: Measurement of inflammatory markers and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) may contribute to the evaluation of lung involvement severity. This study aimed to evaluate relationship between severity of primary lung involvement with highest level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and LDH in patients with COVID-19. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 123 patients with COVID-19 in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital. Data including age, gender, ESR (mm/h), LDH (U/L), and high-resolution Computed Tomography scan (HRCT) findings and hospitalization ward were extracted from medical records. The regression model was used to determine the relation between HRCT findings with LDH and ESR. Results: Mean LDH, ESR, and HRCT findings were 508. 41± 224. 65, 52. 23± 29. 56, and 37. 17± 22. 18 respectively. A significant relation was seen between HRCT findings with highest level of LDH and ESR (P=0. 001). A significant relation was observed between the highest levels of ESR and HRCT findings, regarding age, gender, and hospitalization wards (P<0. 01). There was a significant relation between the highest level of LDH and HRCT findings regarding age group and hospitalization wards (P<0. 01). Conclusion: A significant relation was seen between HRCT findings and highest levels of ESR and LDH in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, it seems that assessment of laboratory findings such as LDH and ESR can be helpful as cost-effective markers instead of chest CT scan for predicting the severity of lung injury when the CT scan report is controversial. The relation between HRCT findings with LDH and ESR were affected by age and hospitalization ward. However, more studies should be conducted in this regard.

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology enables us to use Nano scale particles. This material in terms of physical, chemical and biological characteristics are unique compared to larger particles. Increased cell division, apoptosis, oxidative stress has been associated with toxic effects of nano silver. The aim of this study was to evaluate histipotological changes and enzyme activity in nanoparticle silver trated pregnant NMRI mice. These experimental were performed on 35 NMRI mice used for treatment with Ag Nps. The average weight of the animals was 30±3 g that divided into five groups of seven were injected intraperitoneally. After mentioned treatment, the blood sampling was done of NMRI. The co llected tissues were washed with saline and fixed in Boin’s fluid and stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathology evaluation. After data collection, statistical analysis was done using SAS software. Histological observations showed that the silver nanoparticles had a major effect on fetal development in each experimental groups compared to the control group. No change of histological characteristics of heart tissues was observed in Ag-nps groups as compared to the control group. Different concentrations of silver nanoparticles increased levels of enzyme lactate dehydrogenase, but no significant differences were observed between control and treated groups (P<0.05). Toxicity of silver nanoparticles injected intraperitoneally into the experimental groups were evaluated which had unfavorable effects on embryonic development. So, further investigates are suggested to predict AgNPs toxicity.

Background: Sperm quality has an important role in the success of assisted reproductive techniques, by adding some bioactive agents with a positive impact on sperms, it can be improved. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of kisspeptin on the sperm motility criteria, lactate dehydrogenase-C (LDHC) activity, acrosomal reaction, and capacitation in the mouse testicular sperm in vitro. Materials and Methods: Sperm samples were extracted from testes of 96 male Balb/C mice weighing 25-30 gr, aged 6-8 wk. Then, they were separated into 4 parts; 2 controls and 2 kisspeptin-treated aliquots; each one incubated for either 15 or 30 min. The sperm motility and the LDHC activity were evaluated, and also the frequency of the non-capacitated, intact, and acrosomal-reacted sperms were evaluated by staining with Wheat germ agglutinin, Peanut agglutinin, and Concanavalin A, respectively. The stained sperms were analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescent microscope. Results: Our result showed that kisspeptin increased both the sperm motility (p = 0. 04) and LDHC enzyme activity (p = 0. 04) after 15 min of incubation. At the same time, it did not impact the frequency of the non-capacitated, intact and acrosomal-reacted sperms after incubation in the same period (p = 0. 16). Conclusion: A 15 min period of incubation with kisspeptin could be applicable for evaluating sperm motility and LDH activity.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the mostcommonmalignancy of the oral cavity and oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered a premalignant disease. Objectives: This study aims at comparing the salivary levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) among cases with OSCC, OLP, and healthy persons. Methods: In this case-control study, salivary markers were evaluated in 55 cases (15 patients with OSCC, 20 patients with OLP, and 20 healthy persons); non-stimulated saliva samples were collected from the patients and saliva markers weremeasured by the enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The data were analyzed, using SPSS 21 software and ANOVA test and P < 0. 05 was regarded as significant. Results: Salivary LDH and CA125 levels were significantly higher in OSCC and OLP patients compared to the control group (P < 0. 05). Salivary CRP levels were significantly higher in OSCC patients compared to OLP patients (P < 0. 05). Besides, salivary CRP levels were higher in OLP subjects than in the control group, but the difference was not significant (P = 0. 56). Conclusions: The identification of the salivary LDH, CA125, and CRP may provide a suitable non-invasive predictive tool for malignant changes. However, its use in clinical practice needs further research.