IN RECENT TIMES, ENGINEERING OF PLANT GENOMES IN ORDER TO SIMPLE AND COMPLEX BIOPRODUCTS FOR THERAPEUTIC PURPOSES HAD A SALIENT INCREASE. THE CHLOROPLAST GENETIC ENGINEERING OFFERS A NUMBER OF UNIQUE ADVANTAGES INCLUDING HIGH LEVEL OF TRANSGENE EXPRESSION, MULTI-GENE EXPRESSION IN SINGLE TRANSFORMATION EVENT AND TRANSGENE CONTAINMENT DUE TO MATERNAL INHERITANCE. HYPER EXPRESSION OF DRUGS OR THERAPEUTIC PROTEINS IN TRANSGENIC CHLOROPLASTS OR CHROMOPLASTS FACILITATES EFFICIENT THERAPEUTIC PROCESS. ABILITY OF CHLOROPLASTS TO CORRECTLY FOLD HUMAN BLOOD PROTEINS WITH PROPER DISULFIDE BRIDGES (HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN) OR PRESENCE OF CHAPERONES IN CHLOROPLASTS TO FACILITATE ASSEMBLY OF COMPLEX MULTI-SUBUNIT PROTEINS OR THEIR PROKARYOTIC NATURE TO EXPRESS NATIVE BACTERIAL GENES ARE ATTRACTIVE FEATURES FOR THERAPEUTIC PROTEIN PRODUCTION. PURIFICATION OF THERAPEUTIC PROTEINS HAS BEEN ACHIEVED USING NOVEL PURIFICATION STRATEGIES THAT DO NOT REQUIRE EXPENSIVE COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY.