Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of opportunistic infections. As Pseudomonas aeruginosa is prevalent, its resistance to antibiotics is especially significant. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in extended spectrum of beta lactamase (ESBL) strains. Material and Method: From a total of 499 samples of urine cultures, blood cultures, wounds, pulmonary secretions and other samples, 88 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected in hospitals of Zahedan in 2014. Initially, ESBL-producing strains were identified and their antibiotic resistance was determined using disk diffusion method according to CLSI standards.
Results: Of the 88 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 51 isolates (96.62%) were beta-lactamase producing, with the highest resistance to Cefoxitin (30mg) and the least resistance to Aztreoname (30mg). Most ESBL strains were separated from women, that is, a significant relationship was observed between the presence of resistant strains and gender of patients admitted to hospital. Furthermore, a significant relationship was observed between resistance to some antibiotics and strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, no relationship was found between isolates taken from patients in various wards, types of sample and the isolated bacterium (P£0.05).
Conclusion: Because the prevalence of resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is high, it is necessary to prescribe medication for and treat infections with greater care.