Mosque tells the religious mission of the society and its social mission. Actually, the mosque is like a mirror that shows your community's religious situation. The mosque's architecture is an interpretation of elite perceptions and the essence of subjectivity and the Muslim faith. From this respect the building of the mosque can tell the extent and nature of any Era. Furthermore, the architecture of the mosque has implications for the knowledge bases of Islam. Therefore, Mosque architect understands the dimension and mental degrees of his time. This research has been done with The purpose of structural elements used in traditional and modern mosque and relationship with the child's mind. And argues this entry: what is structural elements’ effect of the mosque on the child's mind, and how is it different in the traditional and modern mosques. In this study, the utilized method of research is descriptive - analytical and the Methods of data collection are field investigation and library. Also, the statistical community has 96 children and the analysis of the painting, pulp and toys are applied after their visit from mosques in order to depict the children's perceptions of traditional and modern mosques. The finding of this research suggests that there is a very close and deep relationship between the elements of the traditional mosque and the child's mind. This result is very weak when it comes to the modern mosques which contain no traditional symbols recommended by the principles of the Prophet in the mosques.