This research was aimed to investigate the effects of different amounts of NPK fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative traits of Matricaria chamomilla L. The experiment was conducted during 2007-2008 in Barij Essence Company of Kashan in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Treatments consisted of three levels of N (0, 50, 100 kgha-1), P2O5 (0, 25, 50 kgha-1) and K2O (0, 25, 50 kgha-1). Plant height, number of flower per plant, number of lateral branches, dry and fresh weight per plant, flower yield/m2, flower diameter, essential oil percentage, and chamazulene were measured. N levels showed significant differences for the number of flower per plant, fresh weight per plant, number of lateral branches, flower yield/m2 and dry and fresh weight of flower (p<0.05). Analysis of data showed significant differences for fresh weight per plant under different levels of P2O5 (p<0.05). K levels showed no significant differences for all traits. Interaction of N and P2O5 levels revealed significant differences for fresh and dry weight per plant and flower yield/m2 (p<0.01). Interaction of N and K2o5 was significant for flower diameter (p<0.05). Analysis of mean comparison for flower yield per m2 showed that the highest flower yield was obtained at 50 kg/ha N and 25 kg/ha P2O5, and the lowest flower yield was obtained at 100 kg/ha N and 50 kg/ha P2O5. NPK fertilizers did not affect chamazulene and essential oil. In conclusion, Matricaria chamomilla L. requires few nutrient elements.