Nowadays, citizenship is defined as one of the basic concepts in the domain of urban problems; so much so that the examination of factors affecting the implementation of and barriers to the accomplishment of this concept has been the focus of attention for researchers in this field in national and local levels. Urban societies require, for their existence, the presence of citizens who have a high sense of citizenship- that is one of the main factors in the practice of citizenship. Since social capital is considered as a key factor in establishing civil’ society, this study aims to investigate. the effects of structural (social networks) and cognitive (trust, information and cooperation) dimension of social capital on the sense of citizenship. The research population of this study was the residents of 13 areas in the city of Mashhad of which 415 individuals were chosen through multi-stage sampling. By using a questionnaire, the required data was gathered and analyzed by using Spss and Amos software. The results of this study indicated that both structural (0.434) and cognitive (0.289) dimensions of social capital have a significant positive relationship with the sense of citizenship.