This study examines the impact of debt financing on the performance of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange is paid. For this purpose, a sample of 140 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 1386 to 1391 were studied. This research was financed through debt, both short-term and long-term and in connection with the performance criteria in this study, net profit ratio and operating profit ratio. Statistical methods used in this study, panel data methods to test the hypothesis and GLS models were carried out using a random regression coefficients in the final analysis spss software is used and eviews. The results indicate that short-term debt to asset ratio and profitability and positive relationship between long-term debt to assets ratio Vsvdavry, there is a negative and significant relationship.