The bottom soil of shrimp pond is integral parts of ponds. This study was carried out to investigate the chemical and physical properties of shrimp ponds. The parameters were monitored as follows: pH, phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total organic matter, clay, silt and sand, on shrimp culture (Litopenaeus vannamei) in the Gomishan (Golestan Province, North of Iran). The results indicated that all chemical and physical properties had significant differences (P<0.05), only total organic matter. Large change in soil concentrations of clay, silt and sand were observed after one production cycle so that clay greatly reduced. Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that, there was a high correlation (r=0.73) between organic matter and total nitrogen. The final product had the highest correlation with the pH and the lowest with total organic matter. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that P concentration explained 61% of the variation in shrimp yield. Properties of the pond bottom soil and processes occurring at the bottom soil and in the soil-water interface are very important regarding the well-being and growth shrimp in ponds.