| Abstract:
The present study aims at finding answers to the following questions: (1) How has the Sufi Tarighat of Ardabil been influenced by religious thought before the formation of the Safavi government? (2) What factors have influenced the approach of Safavi sheiks toward Ghaliane thought? (3) Why do the eighth and the ninth centuries movements have a Ghaliane identity? and (4) What are the common elements of Ghaliane sects during this period?
In the study of the religious approach in Safavi Tarighat something will be said about the Caliphate system and the emergence of a religious and political vacuum following the Mongol invasion in the seventh century. The effects of the Mongol invasion on strengthening spiritual bases and the growth of Sufism in the interval between the seventh century till the formation of the Safavi government in the tenth century is also important. Sufi Tarighats experienced internal intellectual twists under the influeJ1ceof the circumstances of the period and moved toward the seizure of political power through Ghaliane approach. This is the common point of all Sufi movements in the eighth and the ninth centuries. The point is that Safavies were the most outstanding Sufi and Ghaliane movement during these times which succeeded in forming a comprehensive government.
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